我与中国的故事——援外培训学员讲中国（三）

Knowledge Sharing，Species Protection

China, like many other countries, recognizes the importance of conserving natural resources for the well-being of its citizens and the health of the planet. China has taken various measures to conserve natural resources not only to his nation, is also helping the developing countries by organizing seminars, workshops, and capacity-building programs with these countries to promote knowledge sharing and cooperation in the fields of forestry, grassland management, and environmental conservation through the National Academy of Forest and Grassland Administration (NAFGA) as one way of encouraging the natural resources conservation to the wild wide. Some of the ideas of these seminars are;

1.Knowledge Transfer and Capacity Building: One of the primary objectives of these seminars is to facilitate the transfer of knowledge and expertise in the areas of forestry and grassland management from China to developing countries. This includes sharing best practices, scientific research, and technologies that have been successful in China's environmental conservation efforts.2. Sustainable Development: The seminars often focus on sustainable forest and grassland management practices. China has made significant progress in balancing economic development with environmental conservation, and they aim to help other nations do the same. This involves discussions on sustainable logging, afforestation, reforestation China, like many other countries, recognizes the importance of conserving natural resources for the well-being of its citizens and the health of the planet. China has taken various measures to conserve natural resources not only to his nation, is also helping the developing countries by organizing seminars, workshops, and capacity-building programs with these countries to promote knowledge sharing and cooperation in the fields of forestry, grassland management, and environmental conservation through the National Academy of Forest and Grassland Administration (NAFGA) as one way of encouraging the natural resources conservation to the wild wide. Some of the ideas of these seminars are;, and soil and water conservation techniques.3. Biodiversity Conservation: Protecting biodiversity is a common concern for many developing countries. Seminars include discussions on preserving natural habitats, restoring degraded ecosystems, and the conservation of endangered species. China has experience in addressing these issues through various conservation programs.4. Climate Change Mitigation: Climate change is a global challenge, and forests playa critical role in sequestering carbon. Seminars cover topics related to how developing countries can leverage their forest resources to mitigate climate change effects and adapt to changing climate conditions.5. Policy and Governance: China share insights into its policies, regulations, and governance structures related to forestry and grassland management. This includes discussing how to create and enforce laws that promote sustainable practices while combating illegal logging and land degradation.6. International Collaboration: These seminars serve as a platform for discussing opportunities for international collaboration, partnerships, and projects. It also provides a forum for discussing global initiatives like the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the Convention on Biological Diversity.7. Technology Transfer: China has developed various technologies and tools for monitoring and managing forest and grassland resources. These seminars cover information on technology transfer, helping developing countries implement data-driven approaches to conservation and management. As one of the participants who visited China before to attend the seminar on Import and Export Management and Protection of Endangered species, I agree that China is doing a great job to conserve natural resources through different approaches. My journey to Chengdu city was my witness, where I appreciated much of work that China does, for example, Water Conservation: China has been focusing on water conservation efforts, including the construction of water-saving infrastructure, efficient irrigation systems, and the reclamation of wastewater. My story is about Dujiangyan irrigation system, where my group visited to appreciate the good work of China on how water is conserved in this country. The Irrigation System, which is a renowned water conservancy project hub located in Dujiangyan City, Sichuan Province, China. I was surprised with this ancient irrigation system on how it was built, it looks so amazing with the mountains and evergreen trees around this scheme. The irrigation system was built around 256 BC and is still in use today, which shows that China is well equipped in maintaining things. The purpose of the Dujiangyan Irrigation System was told that, is to divert water from the Minjiang River into the Chengdu Plain, which helps to control flooding, provide water for irrigation, and ensure a stable water supply to the region. It is also used as the tourism center, where many visitors visit to learn and appreciate the nature of China. So, it is like China is obtained several benefits from this scheme.My journey to Chengdu city (the city of Panda) was not only stopped in Dujiangyan irrigation scheme, but I also visited the Panda protection center. This city is called City of Panda because of its uniqueness of conserving giant panda. China has made efforts to protect and conserve these unique and endangered wildlife. The establishment of this nature reserves and conservation initiatives is crucial for preserving biodiversity. Bamboo Museum, bamboo weaving and bamboo industry; The Bamboo Museum was a testament to the rich history and artistry of bamboo in China. It was a place where the past met the present, where the ancient craft of bamboo weaving and the modern bamboo industry converged. The museum was a two-story structure made entirely of bamboo, showcasing the village's artistic and economic ties to this versatile plant. The China's National Botanical Garden is another beautiful place that I visited in China. This is a tale of conservation, education, and the nation's commitment to preserving its rich biodiversity and cultural heritage. As the importance of preserving native flora and ecosystems became increasingly evident, the government of China took further steps to establish the national botanical garden in Beijing. This garden was not only dedicated to protecting endangered plant species but also to promoting research, environmental education, and sustainable land management practices. China is also well known of his culture and historical sites; the great wall is one of his best historical sites in China, when you visit China without climbing this then you are not visited China. Was my wish to visit this place because of his famous in most of historical books. The wall is so long that no one can finish climbing at a day. The different groups of people flock to this wall to appreciate the history of China and have their funny. On my way to climb this wall I met with different people and we chilled up and took some pictures together.My memories of this wall are still fresh, and is my dream to climb it again. Leshan Giant Buddha is another memorable historical site that I visited in China, The Leshan Giant Buddha is a massive statue of Buddha located in the city of Leshan in Sichuan Province, China. It is one of the most renowned and impressive ancient sculptures in the world and representing Buddhist beliefs and values. Today, the Leshan Giant Buddha is a popular tourist attraction, drawing visitors from around the world. The surrounding area offers picturesque views of the Buddha and the converging rivers, making it a must-see destination. Lastly, I want to talk about peoples of China and the workers of NAFGA. These people made me to feel like I was in my home country, the way they treated me. To say the truth, I would not regret to visit China. The conditions were so cool and people were so friendly. I remember in Chengdu city I met with some Chinese and they offered me free drinks, we had a chat as if we met before. This makes me to say China is my second home to live.

分享林草知识，促进物种保护

与许多国家一样，中国认识到了保护自然资源对公民福祉和地球健康的重要性。中国采取了各种措施保护自然资源，不仅有利于本国发展，还帮助了其他发展中国家，在国家林业和草原局管理干部学院组织下，开展研修班、讲习班和能力建设项目，促进林草管理和环境保护领域的知识分享和国际合作，这也是鼓励保护野生动物资源的一种方式。

这是参加研修班后我的一些思考：

1.促进知识转移和能力建设：研修班的主要目标之一是促进中国向发展中国家转移林业和草原管理领域的知识技能，包括分享在环境保护工作中，中国取得成功的最佳实践、科学研究和科学技术。

2.促进可持续发展：研修班内容侧重于可持续的森林和草原管理实践。中国在平衡经济发展和环境保护方面取得了重大进展，其目标是帮助其他国家也在此方面获得发展。课程期间，我们讨论了可持续伐木、植树造林、重新造林以及水土保持等技术方面的内容。

3.促进生物多样性保护：保护生物多样性是许多发展中国家普遍关心的问题。研修班讨论了关于保护自然栖息地、恢复退化生态系统和保护濒危物种的内容。中国有实施各种保护项目以解决这些问题的经验。

4.减缓气候变化：气候变化是一项全球性挑战。森林在固碳方面发挥着关键作用。研修班的课程涉及到发展中国家如何利用森林资源来减轻气候变化的影响，并适应不断变化的气候条件的内容。

5.实行政策，落实治理：中国分享了林草管理相关的政策法规和治理体系，包括制定、执行相关法律，打击非法砍伐和土地退化，促进可持续发展等内容。

6.促进国际合作：研修班为各国提供了平台，促进国际合作、建立伙伴关系、实行不同项目，为研讨联合国可持续发展目标和《生物多样性公约》等全球倡议提供了场所。

7.促进技术转让：中国开发了各种监测和管理林草资源的技术和工具。研修班涵盖了技术转让方面的内容，帮助发展中国家实施数据驱动的林草保护和管理。

我之前访问中国，参加了发展中国家濒危物种进出口管理及保护官员研修班，我认为，中国正在通过不同方法保护自然资源。在成都之行中，我见证了中国的做法，也赞赏中国所做的许多工作，例如节水工作：中国一直专注于节水工作，包括建设节水基础设施、高效灌溉系统，以及进行废水的回收处理。比如都江堰灌溉系统。研修期间，我们参观了都江堰水利工程，看到了中国在保护国家水资源方面所做的出色工作。灌溉系统位于中国四川省都江堰市，是著名的水利工程枢纽。灌溉系统历史悠久，建造方式十分独特，令我异常惊奇。山脉环绕下，常青树掩映中，都江堰看起来十分神奇。都江堰建于公元前256年左右，至今仍在使用，这表明中国十分擅长工程维护。都江堰灌溉系统的目的是将岷江的水引入成都平原，这有助于控制洪水，提供灌溉用水，并确保该地区的稳定供水。这里也是旅游热点地区，许多游客在这里学习自然、欣赏自然。因此，从这一工程中，中国获益良多。

成都，熊猫之城。在此期间，我不仅考察了都江堰水利工程，还参观了熊猫保护中心。因其在保护大熊猫工作上的独特贡献，成都被称为熊猫之城。中国一直致力于保护这些独特、濒危的野生动物。因此，建立自然保护区，实施保护工程对保护生物多样性至关重要。

发展竹博物馆、竹编和竹产业。竹博物馆见证了中国竹子的丰富历史和深厚艺术。在这里，历史与现实交融，古老的竹编工艺与现代竹业交汇。博物馆有两层楼高，完全由竹子建造，展示了竹子这种用途广泛的植物与村庄在艺术和经济上的联系。

我还参观了美丽的中国国家植物园。这是一个关于保护和教育的故事，是一个国家致力于保护其丰富的生物多样性和文化遗产的故事。随着保护本地植物群和生态系统的重要性越发凸显，中国政府采取了进一步措施，在北京建立了国家植物园。该植物园不仅致力于保护濒危植物物种，还致力于促进研究，普及教育，促进土地的可持续管理。

中国也以文化古迹和历史遗迹闻名于世。长城是中国最杰出的历史遗迹之一。若不至长城，何谈到中国。我之所以想去长城，是因为在大多数历史书中，长城都十分有名。长城不愧是“长”城，没有人能一天爬完。不同的人群涌向长城，欣赏中国历史，享受本身乐趣。在爬长城的路上，我遇到了不同的人，兴奋不已，我们一起拍了照片。我对长城仍然记忆犹新，梦想再次攀登。

乐山大佛也十分令人难忘。乐山大佛位于中国四川省乐山市，是一座巨大的佛像。它是世界上最著名、最令人印象深刻的古代雕塑之一，代表了佛教信仰和价值观。如今，乐山大佛深受游客欢迎，吸引了来自世界各地的游客。在景区，可以欣赏到佛像和汇流的江河，风景如画，必须来此一观。

最后，我想感谢中国人民，感谢国家林业和草原局管理干部学院的工作人员。与这些人在一起时，让我宾至如归。天气凉爽，居民友好。我记得，在成都，我遇到了一些中国人，他们请我喝饮料，我们谈天说地，好似相识已久。因此，我不得不说，中国是我的第二个家乡。

学员国别：马拉维

所在单位：利隆圭农业自然资源大学

作者姓名：格里芬·查克维拉

职级/职务：研究人员和技术人员

参训时间：2023年8月3日至8月23日

项目名称：发展中国家濒危物种进出口管理及保护官员研修班

翻译人员：陈阳/张翔

Article on the Seminars Sponsored by the Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China (MOFCOM) Hosted by National Academy of Forestry and Grassland Administration (NAFGA) of Beijing-China

It’s worthwhile joining my fellow distinguished beneficiaries of the MOFCOM sponsored seminars from across the globe and specifically from the developing nations in singing a melodious “ecological chorus” for a bright and shared planet in an attempt to attain the much needed Subsumable Development in line with Agenda 2023. Singing an ecological chorus in this time of prominent climate variations calls for coordination and cooperation especially among the developing nations. It is evident that for an ecological song and chorus to be sound, it must adhere to the “rhythm of climate diplomacy and ecological civilization” and that each and every county must therefore be conscious of the overall instinct of wanting to create a better planet as it where, where man will live in harmony with nature once more. The Chinese social, economic and robust ecological success in three decades has come about through visionary, unwavering, diligent leadership coupled with the strong spirit of unity of purpose by the Chinese people. With innumerable and tangible effects of climate change becoming more and more pronounced in the 21st century, the People’s Republic of China has demonstrated that it is eager to work in collaboration with all countries across the globe towards a just transition taking into consideration the most vulnerable continents to climate change due to prevailing levels of socio economic activities for the majority natives. The People’s Republic of China through MOFCOM has been sponsoring credible, timely and informative seminars for participants drawn from the developing world and Zambia inclusive with the view to build capacity in terms of the much needed knowledge and skills and resilience amongst the participants in order to make earth a better place for the current generation and the yet to be born. The inclusive platform via online and face to face  mode provided by NAFGA accorded a brilliant opportunity to  participants to be able to interact and share their experiences in the context of climate change, forestry, environmental governance, poverty reduction as well agro-based aspects such as Pomiculture. And farm forestry.

President Xi Jimping thought includes 14 principles and key among this is the issue of ensuring harmony between human kind and nature and that ecological civilization is basically a positive vision which will require through integration of the environmental considerations into the economy, politics, culture as well as the society. The President reiterated the need to take a holistic and systematic approach towards the conservation and improvement of the various ecosystems and attempt to find the best solutions for ecological protection and restorations.

It is evident that environmental catastrophes knows no boundaries and so any probable attempt to combat them will definitely call for a concerted global effort and basically this is just what the People’s Republic of China through MOFCOM is doing by sharing selflessly on how  the country has managed to turn around tables and score remarkable scores of success in term of  developmental trends in the past three decades to be able to stand out as the second largest economy in the world after the United States of America (USA) while advocating strongly for environmental protection and promoting green styles couples with the conservation of nature. Thus through the provision of the ongoing seminars via online and face to face mode the People’s Republic of China is according other developing countries to be able to appreciate the immediate, potential as well as the realized value of directing investment in the right way coupled with the unity of purpose.

As a prominent beneficially of the MOFCOM sponsored seminars and having been privileged to visit the beautiful landscapes of China twice with the first time being September, 2017 and with the second time being July, 2023 I must mention it here that the ongoing seminars have actually made positive transformation to my career and to the people around me As a country, China is richly endowed with unique natural resources and well preserved cultural diversity, excellent and modern infrastructure with very intellectually disciplined citizenry and committed to the wellbeing of the great nation of China. I have since attended 25 seminars (two face to face seminars and with the other 23 seminars via online mode). The programmes have broadened my scope and capacity as a trainer at Zambia Forestry College. It must be mentioned here that the MOFCOM sponsored programmes in Zambia have been accepted fully by different government departments, local authorities as well as the non-governmental organization due to their suitability and the professional manner in which they are taught.

Once more, thanks a million to MOFCOM and NAFAGA.

Edgar Bowa

Training Officer, Zambia Forestry College.

National Focal Point person for Zambia

我与中国的故事

得益于中华人民共和国商务部主办的这场研修班，我很荣幸能与来自全球各地、特别是发展中国家的学员们一道唱响悠扬的“生态大合唱”——生态可持续发展。今天，世界正经历显著变化，一首生态大合唱需要协同与合作，特别是发展中国家之间。

过去30年来，中国在社会、经济和生态方面取得的巨大成就，得益于领导人的高瞻远瞩以及中国人民众志成城的伟大精神。进入21世纪，气候变化的影响愈发显著，而中华人民共和国表明愿意同世界各国合作，且要照顾到最易受气候变化影响的大陆，因为大多数居民的社会经济活动水平普遍较低。中华人民共和国商务部为来自各发展中国家及赞比亚的与会者举办了适时、可靠、内容丰富的研修班，旨在为与会者输送他们最需要的知识、技能和适应能力，为当代人和即将出生的下一代创造更美好的家园。国家林业和草原局管理干部学院通过线上和实地两种模式提供的多样性培训平台，为与会者创造最佳条件，在气候变化、林业、环境治理、扶贫，以及以农业为基础的生产（如果树栽培和农场林业）方面交流互动，分享经验。

习近平主席提出的十四个坚持，其中“坚持人与自然和谐共生”尤为关键。本质上讲，实现生态文明是一个积极的愿景，需要将环境因素融入经济、文化和社会。习主席重申，有必要采取全面、系统的方法保护、改善各种生态系统，并努力找到生态保护与恢复的最佳方案。

显然，生态保护无国界，想要取得有效的成果，就需要世界各国的共同努力，中华人民共和国通过商务部，无私地分享中国在过去三十年间的经验与做法，并且在此期间大力倡导环境保护、推广绿色发展，保护自然环境。

作为由商务部主办的研修班的主要受益者之一，我有幸两次造访中国，饱览中国的美丽景色。第一次是2017年9月，第二次是2023年7月，在此我要指出，这一系列研修班着实为我的职业生涯带来了积极影响。从那时起，我频繁参与了25次研修班，除了线下两次，还有23次通过线上方式进行。作为一名赞比亚林学院教员，这些课程拓宽了我的视野，增强了我的能力。在此我要告诉大家，商务部赞助赞比亚的课程，已得到各级政府部门、地方部门以及非政府组织的一致认可。

最后，再一次向中华人民共和国商务部、国家林业和草原局管理干部学院表示衷心的感谢。

学员国别：赞比亚

作者姓名：Edgar Bowa（埃德加·博瓦）

级别：处级及以下

参训时间：2023年7月6日至26日

项目名称：发展中国家履行《联合国森林文书》及森林可持续经营官员研修班

翻译人员：隋怡/张翔

MY EXPERIENCES IN CHINA

MSc. Celideth Lezcano

China is a country located in East Asia and the western Pacific, ranking among the largest countries in the world, third in size after Russia and Canada. It is also one of the most populous countries globally, with a growing economy that places a strong emphasis on quality. Its inhabitants are very friendly, and it boasts incredible landscapes and structures.

My journey to China was a transformative experience, allowing me to immerse myself in its rich culture and breathtaking landscapes. It also offered the opportunity to participate in seminars on reforestation and practices for addressing climate change in Chinese forests and grasslands.

From the moment I arrived in China, I felt welcomed and embraced by the warmth of the people. We were met at the airport and immediately taken to NAFGA (National Administration of Forestry and Grassland), where we joined the group and attended the ongoing conference.

NAFGA is like an academy that accommodates students and foreigners like me who participated in the reforestation seminar. It is surrounded by parks, trees, and sports fields, creating a pleasant atmosphere due to the abundance of trees. The climate is reminiscent of Panama from about 40 years ago.

Among my many travels, my trip to China stands out as my favorite. I felt right at home, if not better. Each day, we would have breakfast, attend seminars, enjoy delicious snacks, have lunch, engage in more seminars, savor snacks again, and end the day with dinner. After our seminars, we explored the surroundings of NAFGA, experiencing the culture, commerce, and beautiful parks where people practiced activities like tango and zumba.

I consider China to be a beautiful country due to its culture, environment, and stunning natural landscapes. The kindness of the people at NAFGA, who went to great lengths to make us feel comfortable despite our language barrier, was truly exceptional.

We spent approximately two weeks attending seminars, during which I learned a great deal. In one seminar, the discussion revolved around China's economy, which has maintained a high and steady growth rate since the country adopted the policy of reform and opening in 1978. From that time until 2021, China's Gross Domestic Product exceeded 121 trillion yuan, equivalent to 18 trillion US dollars, making it the world's second-largest economy. There are challenges in economic development, including imbalances between regions, rural and urban areas, export dependence, and economic structure. China is transitioning from high-speed growth to high-quality growth and is one of the world's largest exporters of various products.

In another seminar, there was extensive discussion about the impact of global warming versus climate change, characterized by the continuous rise in human-induced greenhouse gas emissions, which leads to global warming. It's astonishing how the atmosphere, oceans, and land are warming, resulting in more frequent and intense heatwaves, marine heatwaves, heavy rainfall, regional droughts, and an increased proportion of intense tropical cyclones. It's remarkable what is happening in the world, and China is one of the countries striving to raise awareness about these climate changes and how to minimize their impact. China has dedicated itself to reforestation, transforming deserts into forests, cultivating timber trees, and exporting them.

By 2030, China aims to increase the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 20%, raise the volume of forest stock by 4.5 billion cubic meters from the 2005 level, and achieve carbon neutrality. This means reaching the peak of CO₂ emissions before 2030, increasing the share of non-fossil fuels in primary energy consumption to around 25%, and increasing the volume of forest stock by 6 billion cubic meters compared to the 2005 level. The country also plans to expand the total installed capacity of wind and solar energy to over 1.2 billion kilowatts. Achieving these goals is a significant challenge, but we know that China's determination and persistence will enable them to realize their objectives.

In the seminars, we learned about the functions of NAFGA, such as conserving and improving carbon sinks in forest ecosystems, grasslands, wetlands, desertification, terrestrial fauna and their habitats, as well as inventory, monitoring, evaluation, conservation, restoration, fire prevention, and control of forest and grassland pests and diseases. These topics were presented by highly qualified staff.

After the seminars, we embarked on a tour, traveling on an express train to visit the Great Wall of China, where I explored a section, bought souvenirs, and was awed by the incredible beauty of this monumental structure. We then headed to Henan, a province in the central Yellow River valley of China, where we visited forests, rose cultivation, and even took a cable car ride to the challenging Tianmen Mountain, featuring a glass bridge with a completely open floor. This was the most exhilarating experience, filled with adrenaline and a desire to try something so wonderful. We also visited a temple where we took photos with samurais, among many other activities we enjoyed in the beautiful country of China.

My journey to China was not only a culturally enriching experience but also an opportunity to actively engage in the conservation of its natural environment through reforestation seminars. China's beauty and rich culture combined with environmental awareness left a lasting impression on my heart. This trip inspired me to be a more committed advocate for reforestation and to spread the importance of environmental conservation. China is not just a country of wonders but also a reminder of the need to protect our planet for future generations.

我的中国之行

中国位于东亚，西太平洋，其国土面积位列全球前三，仅次于俄罗斯和加拿大。中国也是人口最多的国家之一，不断发展经济的同时也强调质量。国民友好亲善，建筑和景观令人神往。

中国之行让我在丰富的文化和绝妙的景色中流连忘返。踏上中国土地的那一刻起，我就体会到了中国人民的热情。他们在机场迎接我们，随后直接带我们去了国家林业和草原局管理干部学院。国家林业和草原局管理干部学院（林干院）周围公园环绕，树木成林，还有几座运动场，植被茂盛，清爽怡人。这里的气候给我的感觉，就像是40年前的巴拿马。

我曾游历各地，而中国是我心头最爱。在这里就像回到自己家一样，甚至更好。我们的研修班为期大约三周，在此期间我学到了不少东西。自从1978年实行改革开放以来，中国的经济一直保持着高速稳定的增长。从那时到2021年，中国的GDP超过了121万亿人民币（18万亿美元）。中国的经济正从高速发展向高质量发展转变，其各类产品的出口位居世界前列。

在另一次研修班上，大家广泛讨论了全球变暖对气候变化的影响，其特点是人类排放温室气体的排放量持续上升，导致全球变暖。大气、海洋和陆地都在持续变暖，导致城市热岛、洋流升温、暴雨灾害、区域性干旱愈加频繁、愈加强烈。世界发生的变化令人瞠目，而中国便是致力于提高人们对气候变化影响的认识、探讨解决方案的国家之一。中国致力于植树造林，将戈壁化作森林，培育采伐并出口到国外。

中国计划到2030年将非化石能源占一次能源消费的比例提高到20%左右，森林蓄积量相比2005年增加60亿立方米，实现碳达峰。想要实现这些目标面临着巨大的挑战，但我们相信，凭借决心和毅力，中国一定能实现目标。

在研修班上，通过讲解，我们了解到中国在林业应对气候变化方面所做的努力，例如保护和改善森林生态系统、草原、湿地、荒漠化、陆生动物及其栖息地，以及林草资源清查、监测、评估、保护、恢复、防火，以及病虫害的控制等。

中国的壮丽景色、璀璨的文化和强烈的环保意识让我印象深刻。通过这次旅程，我更加坚定了倡导造林事业的决心，认清了宣传环保的重要性。中国是一个充满奇迹的国家，更给我留下了启示：要为子孙后代保护我们的地球。

学员国别：巴拿马

作者姓名：Celideth Lezcano （塞利戴斯）

所在单位：巴拿马戴维市奇里基自治大学

职务：教授

参训时间：2023年6月1日至21日

项目名称：“一带一路”国家林业项目官员研修班

翻译人员：隋怡/张翔

供稿部门：国际合作与援外培训部

审核：边明明